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Subject: SPACE Digest V13 #593

SPACE Digest                                     Volume 13 : Issue 593

Today's Topics:
        International Civil Space Ageny by 93

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Date: 17 May 91 06:44:07 GMT
From: vax5.cit.cornell.edu![e-mail]
Subject: International Civil Space Ageny by 93

********************************************************
* UNITED SPACE FEDERATION, INC. POSTING FOR THE 16TH   *
*    OF MAY 1991 COPY RITE 1991 C. ALL RITES RESERVED  *
********************************************************
              ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
              ********************

   Projects           Missions          Operations
      I                  I                 I
      I                  I                 I
      --International Space Administration--
                         I
                         I
                       EBOD
                         I
           FPPT----------I-----------PCT
                         I
                         I
    I---SPC --------------------SRC-----{SPSC}
    I                            I
    I                            I
    I------SSC                   I-----SCOR
    I------SIC                   I-----COSPAR
    I------SAC                   I-----ISLARC
    I------STC                   I-----Sec. Gen. U.N.
    I------SETI


   AN INTERNATIONAL SPACE AGENCY BY 1993  AND  HOW IT
            WOULD  BE  SET UP AND  OPERATED

    This paper is an attempt to explain why an
international (MULTINATIONAL) space agency should be
divided into an organizational format consisting of a
planning group, a governing group and a administrative
group, with each consisting of specialized intergrouping
structures and why this would be the most efficient way to
setup and organize such an organization.  The author feels
that the most important basis for this grouping of similar
interests or specialty groups is simply this:; International
communication across cultural, political, religious and
language barriers will be hard enoff with out interjecting
complicated specialized professional jargon of the
scientific, industrial, governmental and academic
communities.  By separating the major organizational
activities into separate interorganizational groups
consisting of the most important areas of activity; or made
up of professional fields for which the success of such an
international organizations activities would most
dependent on, would in the opinion of the author of this
paper ; yield the best overall results.

    In this manner, intercommunication between
individuals in these groupings will be greatly simplified and
there fore most productive. The consensus of these groups
could then be more easily exchanged and conversed on by the
appointed representatives of these groups with the other
groups; in order to accomplish the overall goals of the
whole organization, in a orderly and efficient manner.  This
type of organizational structure utilizing this specialized
form of interorganizational grouping and intergroup
communication and interaction could be used in all phases
of such an international organizations activities; from
conceiving and planning prospective international space
activities, to debating and approving them, to undertaking
and completing them.

    It is the view of the author of this paper, that the
organizational structure presented and explained in this
paper; would be the most efficient way to implement and
under take international ( multi-national ) activities in
space, on the moon and in the near future, on mars.  The
basic core concept of an international space agency will be
covered in general.  The author recognizes that should such
an agency be created, that many other issues or
considerations would be interjected that might not have
been covered in this paper and that other considerations
political, economic or otherwise would most likely take
precedence in shaping such an effort to create an
international space agency

                        FORWARD

    The organizational structure the author feels would be
best for an international space agency, is presented in this
paper in detail. The author will make an effort to explain
why such a organizational structure would be best suited
for such an organization.  It will then be left up to the
reader to decide weather or not the concept presented here
is practice or not, and weather or not the author has given
strong enoff justification to support the proposed
organizational structure, presented in this paper.

    To start this paper, the governing group will be covered
first.

        THE SPACE REGULATION Commission  ( SRC )

  This governing group ( or regulatory body ) will be
referred to in this paper as the Space Regulation
Commission or " SRC ".  This governing body would consist
of national delegates of the international community
participating in the activities of the international space
agency ( which shall be referred to in this paper as the
Space Council of Representatives or " SCOR " ),
representatives of the existing space agencies and space
organizations of member nations of the international space
agency ( which shall be referred to in this paper as the
Council of Space Agency Representatives or " COSPAR " ),
representatives of the legal international community (
which shall be referred to in this paper as the International
Space Law Advisory and Review Council or " ISLARC " ) and
lastly United Nations representation and participation on
this council will be covered.

     To summarize the purpose of the Space Regulation
Commission  or SRC  is that the SRC is responsible for
reviewing prospective projects presented by the Space
Planning Commission or " SPC " ( The SPC will be covered
latter in this paper in detail. ) to be considered as
international projects, debate them, set down rules and
guidelines for their implementation, draft legal agreements
between participating members ( members refers to nations
), approve or reject these projects through established
voting procedures by its members, delegate completion of
these projects to the administrative body of the
international space agency or " EBOD " ( The EBOD will be
covered in detail latter in this paper. ), enforce compliance
of these projects as approved by its membership and lastly
act as a mediator in disputes between its membership.

     Now lets cover the different groupings of the SRC
starting with SCOR, by explaining their purpose, basic
responsibilities and some examples of
how this would be actually be put into practice.

       Space Council of Representatives ( SCOR )

    SCOR shall consist of high level governmental
representatives of those countries participating in
international space activities which are assigned to be
undertaken as singular projects, through the agreement of
the international partners ( Partners shall refer to
countries throughout this paper. ) participating and then
assigned to be overseen by an independent international
agency.   This will allow for dynamic planning for which all
participating partners will have input, benefits and voting
powers based on there total contributions to the project.

     For example: If an international moon based industrial &
scientific facility, were the project being considered by the
international partners, for consideration, the following
would occur.   The overall scope and purpose of the proposed
project would be drafted, in general, by ( The SPC )
interested partners and a project completion time table
would then be established for this project.  These project
time tables will then be broken down into 10 year periods
or " Cycles ", which would consist of a series of segments
or " Phases ", each consisting of 2 years.  These cycles will
be categorized into two categories, "Project Completion
Cycles" and "project operational cycles".   The partners
voting powers would then be established based on " several
factors ", which will be covered in more detail later in this
section.   After all partners voting powers are calculated "
based on the basic formula covered latter in this section "
the project responsibilities and organizational leadership
will be assigned and broken down into project cells or
groups.   These " Groups " or " Cells " will be integrated into
the projects overall time table of planned activities, to
meet the needs of specific project activities, with in this
planned time table, that would be required to enable the
overall project to be completed as proposed or planned.
These groups or cells would be directed or managed by "
Team Leaders ", which would consist of those partners that
have contributed or committed the most resources to the
overall project or a particular phase of a project.
HOW THE VOTING POWERS OF SCOR MEMBERS IS CALCULATED


     Now lets cover in general how voting powers or project
leadership would be established in such an organizational
structure or concept, and how it would apply to the
members of SCOR involved in the project example given
above.  The factors used in determining partners voting or
leadership powers during a project cycle, would be
calculated in the following manner.

     First, the partners technical and scientific capabilities
would be graded on a scale of 1 to 10, ten being the highest
attainable capability factor and one being the lowest
attainable capability factor.

      Then, the partners financial capabilities would be
graded on a similar scale of 1 to 10 as used above, in
relation to there financial & currency strength based on the
world currency exchange rate.

     lastly, the partners existing industrial, scientific and
space related facilities will be graded on a 1 to 10 scale as
used above.

     From this point forward the above grade scales will be
abbreviated as :

    A) Technical & Scientific Capabilities  =  TAC
    B) Financial & Currency Strength  =  FCS
    C) Existing Facilities Capabilities  =  EFC

      A & B & C = Project Participation Capability =  PPC

     Also the following formulas will be used in the
equation for total voting or leadership powers of each
partner during a project cycle.

    D) Total financial resources committed  =  FRC
        every million dollars ( or equivalent )  = .01

     E)  Total facility or Material Resources Committed = MRC
        The total amount in dollars of all facilities or
           Material Resources Committed or contributed by each
           partner to MRC, for every million dollars of this
          total will  =  .01

    F)  Total project manpower contributions  =  TMC
            The TMC will be the total committed manpower by
            each partner, and for every 50 persons committed of
            the total amount will  =  1

       D & E & F = Total project resources committed  =  PRC

    G) project cycles will be broken down into 10 year
         segments with each cycle consisting of 5 phases, each
         phase consisting of 2 years.

Cycles  = C ( or later in this paper referred to as "C" factor )

    H)  Project partners do not necessarily have to
          participate in all phases of a cycle,  and for each
          cycle every Phase that a partner will be participating
          in will be one phase.

Phase  =  P ( or later in this paper referred to as "P" factor )


The formula for a partners voting powers during a cycle is
as follows:

   C = [  (TAC+FCS+EFC) = PPC ]  X  [  (FRC+MRC+TMC) = PRC ]

    During each phase of a cycle a partners voting powers
may increase or decrease based on the PRC for each phase of
the cycle.


    A partners voting power during a phase is calculated as
follows:       P = [ ( FRC+MRC+TMC ) = PRC ]

    There will be two types of team configurations formed
during the cycle of the example project mentioned earlier in
this paper.  These team leaders will be broken down into
Cycle Team Leaders and Phase Team Leaders, which will be
further explained in this section.  The purpose of these team
leaders will be to direct and coordinate the groups involved
in the many tasks, activities, responsibilities or phases of
a project cycle.  First in this section I will cover the
description and purpose of phase team leaders and then in
more detail will cover cycle team leaders.
Phase Team Leaders


    For each phase of a cycle the 4 partners with the
highest "P" factor,( or has contributed the most " PRC " )
will be designated as team leaders to over see that phase of
the cycle ( latter in this paper this team will be referred to
as the projects compliance team or " PCT " ).  These team
leaders will have majority voting powers over that phase of
the cycle, only cycle team leaders can over rule the decision
of the majority vote of the phase team leaders.  Phase team
leaders will provide the international space agency
administrations, board of directors, a detailed out line of
approved phase activities, 2 months prior to beginning of
planned phase activities.  At the beginning of the phase
activities control will be transferred from phase team
leaders to the international space agencies, administrative
bodies, under the direction of the board of directors, to be
carried out as specified and approved by the cycle team
leaders.

                       Cycle Team Leaders

    The 12 cycle partners with the highest " C " factor will
be designated as the team leaders for the entire cycle of a
project ( latter in this paper this team will be referred to
as future projects planning team or " FPPT " ).  These team
leaders will have majority voting powers over the cycle and
may over rule any decision of a phase team by majority
vote.  Cycle project teams will outline basic cycle
guidelines, goals and overall planning of cycle activities.
Cycle team leaders will delegate phase responsibilities to
phase team leaders to be completed with in the guidelines
established for that phase of the cycle.

    For all major contracts of a cycle only the members of
the cycle team leaders may participate in sealed biding for
these major contracts. which will be presented to the board
of directors of the international space agency.  After the
board of directors of the international space agency has
reviewed these bids and selected the three best bid
proposals.  These three bid proposals will then be presented
to the cycle team leaders to be voted on and the bid
proposal receiving the most votes, will be given the major
contract.   Major subcontracts for all phases will be open to
all phase team leaders by sealed bids to the board of
directors of the international space agency.  The three best
bid proposals selected by the EBOD will be forwarded to
cycle team leaders to be voted on, and the bid receiving the
most votes will receive the major subcontract.

    All minor contracts or minor subcontracts for both
cycle and phase projects, will be open to all participants of
a cycle by sealed bids to the board of directors of the
international space agency.  The three best bids selected by
the EBOD's of the international space agency will be
forwarded to the cycle team leaders to be voted on.  The
project bid that receives the most votes by the cycle team
leaders will receive the contract.  When the contract bids
are presented to the cycle team leaders for consideration.
The contract bidders name and national origin will be with
held, in order to promote fair voting policies based on a
bidders capabilities to complete the project and the best
price offered to complete the project, and there fore
national biases can be eliminated.

    Once all cycle and phase major and minor contractors
and subcontractors have been selected and the cycle and
phase basic planning has been completed.  Control of cycle
activities will be turned over  by cycle team leaders to the
board of directors of the international space agency to be
implemented.  Once the EBOD of the international space
agency has taken control of cycle activities, phase team
leaders will be under the direction of the EBOD during the
duration of each phase of the cycle, but phase team leaders
will maintain direct control of responsibilities delegated to
them by the cycle team leaders during the contract bidding
process.  It will be the responsibility of the phase team
leaders to provide monthly updates to EBOD of the
international space agency of all progress or problems
during the monthly reporting period.

    The EBOD of the international space agency will provide
progress updates every four months to all participants of
cycle activities.  If minor delays of less than 30 days during
a phase is encountered, the EBOD of the international space
agency may take corrective action on the phase team
leaders level to correct the problem.  If a delay of more
than 30 days is encountered during a phase the EBOD must
call a meeting of the cycle leaders in order to correct the
problem.  A delay of more than 30 days  during a phase cycle
will off set the planned activities of the next phase and
will most likely affect planned cycle activities.

       HOW USE OF THESE INTERNATIONAL FACILITIES WOULD BE
                            CALCULATED

    All members of a cycle project will receive use of
entire facility based on the total PRC contributed to the
cycle in relation to the total PRC of all members
participating in cycle activities.
    For example:  If the moon base had a total of 24
countries participating in the cycle project to complete an
international moon base and one of the countries had
contributed 12% PRC of the total PRC of all 24 countries.

    The following would occur: The country that contributed
12% PRC would receive 12% of the allotted use of that
facility and could either use all or part of this allotted
facility time for its own use, or may lease all or part of
this time to a recognized member of the international space
agency which can offer the highest bid price for this leasing
of time.  For a country to be able to offer their allotted
facility use time to another member of the international
space agency, all members of the international space agency
must receive a notice 30 days prior to bid date for the lease
of this facility time, so that all members will have fair
opportunity to make a bid for use of this excess facility
time.  No member of the international space agency may
maintain more than 45%  use of the entire facility and once
45% use of the facility has been retained by one member of
the international space agency, that member may no longer
bid on access facility time offered by other members of the
international space agency.

    Non-members, such as corporations and scientific
organizations may lease facility use time from members of
the international space agency, if they offer the goods,
products, services, acquired resources or general scientific
or technical information that are a result of this facility
use time, to all members of the international space agency,
in proportion to their total contributions to the facility   (
PRC ).  This how ever does not  and will not apply to the
techniques, technologies, acquired knowledge directly
involved in or supporting the processes or techniques, or
independently used resources or equipment used by the
party  using or utilizing this excess facility use time.
These areas will be considered trade secretes, essential
processes or a activities technique or technology that is
critical to a project, process or procedure, and will remain
the sole private and confidential property of the entity
utilizing them.

    Although, for an individual entity to retain this wright
while entering this international facility or area of control.
The entity must first file a private claim with the
administration of the international space agency of its
intent to claim this as such, and receive a international
patent from this administration to no other entity has filed
previously for the same claim.  If it is found that in fact no
other similar claims are on file, a patent or claim rights
are granted the filing entity, by the administration of the
international space agency, for the term of the entities
activities in this area.  Once such a claim or patent is
granted, no other entity may duplicate this claim or patent
with out the sole permission of the entity which has been
granted this claim or patent rights, by the administration of
the international space agency, while in this area of
international control or influence.  Also, no other entity
may have access to this information without the sole
permission of the entity granted this claim or patent.  This
policy would apply to countries, organizations, corporations
and individuals, based on date of application and content of
application only.

    Example:  If one of the members of the international
space agency leases its facility use time to a space
corporation that mines metal ores from the moon to provide
metal to build metal components in space.  The ore or metal
products that are produced by this corporation must be
offered to all members which have contributed to the PRC
of the project in the following manner.   The country that
contributed 12% PRC to the project will receive rights to
12% of the monthly ore or metal produced by the space
corporation for its own use, or may sell this ore or metal to
any other member of the international space agency which
offers the highest bid in real currency or  exchange of real
properties or services. The only stipulation to the sale of
resources, products or services resulting from this
international space facility is that they must be used for
things which support the international space agency, civil
space endeavors, civil related economies like medicine,
public transportation, or which do not conflict with the
charter of the international space agency.

    For example: They could not be used for any reason to
support any type of military activities of any kind, or used
in supporting military conflicts. This will create  space
based economies that all nations can participate in and
benefit from based on their contributions to, and
participation in these new space economies.  The most
obvious benefits will be that the industrial nations can
focus and coordinate their space efforts, so that each
benefits from this symbiotic relationship and can
accomplish national goals in unison with the national goals
of other industrial nations, and there by accomplish more
with less and benefit in many ways from these focused
international projects.  Smaller developing nations or
undeveloped nations, can participate in these international
projects much in the same way as an individual participates
in a stock market ( This is only a ruff example ).

    For example: A smaller nation may contribute 4% PRC of
an international moon facility, although this is small in
proportion to the total PRC of the project, many smaller
nations together can make a helpful impact to the total
project, thereby offsetting these large costs to the larger
member nations.   The biggest benefit to the smaller nation
that contributed to the PRC of the project, is that it now
has the ability to use 4% of the alloted facility time of this
entire facility.  This is in its self amazing because smaller
nations that would have never dreamed of these types of
activities can now participate in them.  This 4% use of the
facility and the resources or products of this facility, can
now be offered to other members of the international space
agency who could pay competitive prices for these benefits
and can most readily use these resources. This would then
create a small investment income because of there
participation in the project, which can now grow, as there
participation increases in future projects.

    As the activities of the international space agency
increase and international activities in space, on the moon
and in the near future on mars increase.  Many new
opportunities will be offered to the world community and
thriving new economies will most surly result.  Because
military endeavors beyond earths orbit have not been
allowed to be established because of the agreement of the
international community through the charter of the
international space agency.  It will almost insure that
future space endeavors will be civilian based and that
peaceful and constructive activities in space by the
international community will result.

    The reader of this paper might say what happens if a
conflict occurs on the moon or mars who will bring order to
the situation since the no country will have the ability to do
so and who will be responsible to enforce civil peace, rules
and laws in space beyond earths orbit, on the moon and
mars.  Since the international space organization is not in
the business of civil police actions, or enforcement beyond
its direct work force, personal under its control or
members of its administration. Such possible conflicts
would be handled by the United Nations only, and solved
through this organization, which is able to police or enforce
civil obedience beyond the sphere of responsibility of the
international space agencies administration, over its
personal and resources.  This can and would be done using
non lethal means only, by UN forces that would be sent to
solve a problem, should one arise.

    Civil protection on the new frontier would not be a
matter of national sovereignty, but of established rules set
forth by the international community, which the citizens of
all nations must abide by equally.  In this way all sovereign
nations can be assured of their citizens well being and fare
and equal treatment out side the sphere of that nations
sovereignty and national laws.  On the other hand all
citizens of the international community who venture into
the new frontier to work or live, will have to abide by the
rules which the international community establishes or will
be unable to leave their sovereign nation in to this sphere of
international law, because of there unwillingness to abide
by these laws.

    For example:  If a miner from any country in the world
wishes to work on the moon , he or she must obtain a
special visa from his or her government, stating that they
are agreeing to allow this miner to temporarily leave the
sovereign control of this country for a set period of time,
after which they must be returned.  The individual must also
agree to abide by the rules of the new frontier during his or
her duration in the new frontier, and receive notice from
their government that failure to comply with established
international laws while in the new frontier.  Will be
grounds for trial under the rule of international law and
that if he or she breaks these laws that his or her
government, will not hold the members of the international
space agency or individuals assigned to enforce the
international laws established by the international
community in this region, accountable for such actions in
any way, or directly represent them should they break any
international rules while in the new frontier.  There fore
any individual who enters this region of international law
and control, will have done so voluntarily, and with the
agreement and assurance of their government that they have
volunteered to enter this region of international law an
control fully knowing the terms and conditions of this
privilege, and that their government has agreed to release
sovereignty over them for this period of time of the visa
and will not interfear with the proceedings should this
individual break any international law, and be punished or
tried by individuals assigned to enforce and oversee the
international laws and rules established by the
international community, for these regions of international
control.

    As large multi national projects begin to become
common place in space and the numbers of individuals from
many different countries increase in space, on the moon and
in the near future on mars.  This will be the best way to
solve not only the problem of countries  national
sovereignty  of over their citizens in space, but also will
provide a common understanding and common laws and rules
for the treatment and protection of individuals in this
region of international control, and will set down basic
rules and guidelines that all individuals who enter this
region of international control must abide by as a condition
of their privilege to enter this region of international
control.  This will allow for  productive and peaceful
international ( multi-national ) activities in space in the
future and reduce the chances of unnecessary conflict or
misunderstandings because of miscommunication or
inadequate guidelines for interaction of multi-nationals in
this area.  With strong support by the international
community to put these ideals in place will lead to only
positive results, but if the complicated mess of national
sovereignty and varying conceptions of law by the many
nations is carried into space and attempted to be
established on the moon or mars, or in space, only conflict
and confrontation can result.  This could and  most likely
would lead to war here on earth or even in space, were all
this could have been eliminated by establishing
international order and law in space and not allowing
national sovereignty and individual national laws to migrate
into these regions of international control and law, and
forbidding any type of military activities in this region by
any country, and giving the United Nations full authority to
police this region and to enforce international laws and
rules in this region, and to be responsible for the well being
and protection of the citizens of the world community in
these regions.  Therefore it is the feelings of the author of
this paper, that by creating a space council consisting of
representatives of the major space powers and other
interested member nations, will provide the crucial insight
and direction needed to focus science and high technology
related activities world wide for peaceful and constructive
purposes, by the industrial and developing nations of the
world community, well into the 21st century.

     THE SPACE REGULATION COMMISSION ( SRC ) REVISITED

    This pool of multi-national representatives formed to
become the main guiding and controlling body of this effort
could be called the Space Council of Representatives (
which was mentioned at the beginning of this paper and will
later in this paper be referred to as " SCOR " ) and will make
up the main part of the Space Regulation Commission of the
international space agency ( which latter in this paper will
be referred to as the " SRC "  ).  SCOR will have a governing
body which will consist of the 12 nations with the highest
PPC ( This is used in the beginning of this paper and refers
to the cycle formula ), which will have the ability to over
rule or veto the decisions of SCOR through a majority vote
by its members.  This governing body shall be referred to as
the Space Powers Subcommittee or " SPSC ".  The SRC shall
also consist of an international space law council ( which
latter in this paper will be referred to as the International
Space Law Advisory and Review Council or " ISLARC " ),  a
council consisting of high level administrators, engineers
and scientists of the existing space organizations from
around the globe ( which latter in this paper will be
referred to as the Council of Space Agency Representatives
or " COSPAR " ) ,and lastly the Secretary General of the
United Nations will have representative status in the SRC.
The SRC will be the governing and regulator body of the
international space agency and will be responsible for
approving prospective international space projects which
are proposed by the Space Planning Commission of the
international space agency ( the Space Planning Commission
or " SPC " will be mentioned latter in this paper in detail )
and once approved. The SRC will delegate control off this
project to the administrative body of the international
space agency ( the Elected Board of Directors or " EBOD "
which will be explained in detail latter in this paper) to be
carried out.

      INTERNATIONAL SPACE LAW ADVISORY AND REVIEW COUNCIL
                        ( ISLARC )

    ISLARC will be an important part of the SRC because
new laws and policy guide lines for international (multi-
national) activities in space on the moon and in the near
future on mars will have to be drafted by the international
community. This pool of legal specialists from the many
nations of the world community, will make drafting these
international laws for this new region of international
activity, possible, in a way that will allow input from all
nations, and will result in the creation of fair international
space laws, that will be understood and supported by the
world community.  This pool of legal specialists will also
be used to advise SCOR representatives on legal issues
when they arise, review cycle drafts for potential legal
problems before SCOR approves them and to remain in a
legal consultation status with SCOR during all phases of its
activities.  ISLARC will also be tasked with creating
international guidelines and policies to protect the invested
interests commercial, technical, scientific and national
accomplishments in space, on the moon and in the near
future on mars.  ISLARC could also be used or tasked with
assisting SCOR with solving legal disputes or grievances
between members of the international space agency should
they arise.

   COUNCIL OF SPACE AGENCY REPRESENTATIVES ( COSPAR )

    COSPAR would be tasked with focusing interagency
activities ( that is the activities which involve the national
space agencies or space programs of member nations of the
international space agency that are involved in cycle
activities ) and efforts during all phases of a project or
cycle.  COSPAR will also be in consultative status with
SCOR to advise SCOR of the feasibility of projects
presented to SCOR by the SPC and to what degree present
efforts of COSPAR members can be integrated into these
proposals and agenda's, and to what degree available
technical and scientific resources exist to support these
efforts or projects.  COSPAR will also be responsible for
giving SCOR accurate data and information on the cost to
implement these projects and what degree of difficulty will
be encountered in completing these projects.  In general
COSPAR will be designated to provide all technical and
space related activities consulting to SCOR during all
phases of its activities.  The administrative capabilities of
COSPAR members will become important in solving delays
or critical  problems encountered during cycle or phase
activities.

               SECRETARY GENERAL OF THE UNITED NATIONS
                         PARTICIPATION IN THE SRC


    The Secretary General of the United Nations will have
representative status on the SRC to enable these two world
organizations to communicate directly with each other at
the highest levels.  This will allow the administration of
the international space agency to stay abreast of
international issues out side their sphere of influence, that
may effect the established programs of the international
space agency.  U.N. officials can also keep abreast of the
activities of the international space agency and intergrate
common interests of the two organizations, when ever
possible.  should an international crisis occur this will
allow for problem solving and monitoring of the situation to
be coordinated at the highest levels between the two
organizations.  The most important benefit of having U.N.
representation on the SRC is that spin off benefits from
activities of the international space agency can be
disseminated to counties that most need this assistance, by
the U.N..

    Another benefit of this relationship is that should a
conflict occur in or around a facility of the international
space agency, or in the region of international control which
the international space agency is operating.  The U.N. could
protect these facilities or police these areas of
international control and enforce international law in these
areas for which it is best suited and able to do.  The
importance of the U.N. will be great in this newly created
sphere of international control and international law, being
that sovereign countries can not directly intercede in these
areas.  The protection and safety of world citizens in this
area and the overseeing of activities in this area will be the
sole responsibility of the U.N. for this reason.  Such future
space activities will benefit greatly from this type
interaction between the international space agency and the
United Nations and would greatly simplify international (
multi-national ) activities and interaction in these areas.

    This has summed up the description of the SRC and the
inter commission groups that it consists of,  and has
explained the purpose of each, and why the author of this
paper feels it should be structured in this way.

    Now the structure and purpose of the Space Planning
Commission or " SPC " will be covered in general, and the
author of this paper will attempt to explain why this
structure should be best suited for such an organization.

               THE SPACE PLANNING COMMISSION  (SPC)

    The SPC would basically be the creative or planning
entity of the international space agency and would combine
and circulate the many ideas, aspirations and concepts for
international high technology or space related projects, by
many different sources from around the world.   This would
only enhance and strengthen the future success of such
projects and would only increase overall support and
participation in such projects, by those who have had the
ability to contribute their ideas and aspirations to them.
This pooling of ideas and talent will also lay the foundation
for a broader selection of possibilities and ideas for such
projects and will increase the possibilities of solving
major problems or obstacles encountered in such projects,
because of this diverse pool of knowledge and talent
resources.  Also, such things as broad competition and
stimulated creativity, would bring about a steady stream of
progressive improvements and would be a platform from
which human space exploration and conquest would be
furthered and pursued in a cooperative,
productive,beneficial and peaceful manner by the world
community.

    The Space Planning Commission or " SPC " would be
broken down into basic groups that would consist of the
industrial, scientific, academic, economic and visionary
communities from around the world. These communities
would be most active and helpful in the planning of
prospective international high technology or space related
endeavors.  The proposed SPC would consist of the following
intergrouping structures:


                SPACE SCIENTIFIC COUNCIL  ( SSC )

    The Space Scientific Council or " SSC " would be tasked
with representing the scientific interests of the world
community  and would have voting members and nonvoting
members.  Voting members of the SSC would consist of the
national scientific representatives directly representing
the individual national interests of the member nations of
the international space agency or partners participating in a
project cycle being conducted by the international space
agency.  The voting membership of the SSC will select a
representative by a majority vote by the voting membership
of the SIC, which will represent the collective interests of
the SIC on the SPC, and to other representatives of the SRC,
SPC and the administration of the international space
agency. The nonvoting membership of the SSC would consist
of recognized scientific organizations, foundations or not
for profit groups and entities that have applied for
membership in the SSC and is approved for affiliation by
administration of the international space agency and
granted sponsorship by an advisory committee consisting of
voting members of the SSC.  The purpose of the SSC would
be to propose, plan, debate, approve or disapprove
prospective international high technology or space related
international collective scientific research projects to be
present to the SRC to be considered as projects in which the
international space agency would undertake or sponsor, and
once approved by the SRC and delegated to be carried out by
the international space agency, the SSC will be responsible
for undertaking and implementing these projects, through
its membership, as approved by its membership.


              SPACE INDUSTRIAL COUNCIL  ( SIC )

    The Space Industrial Council or " SIC " which would
consist of international industrial representatives of
countries, corporations, companies or facilities involved in,
or participating in cycle projects being conducted by the
international space agency.  The membership of the SIC
would consist of voting and nonvoting members.  The voting
membership of the SIC would consist of industrial
representatives of countries participating in cycle
activities and representatives of countries, corporations,
companies or industrial facilities granted contracts or
subcontracts during the bidding process for cycle projects,
or particular phases of a project cycle.  The voting
membership of the SIC will consist of the Industrial
Assemble of National Delegates, Cycle Commission, Phase
Commission and lastly an appointed council representative
selected by majority vote by the membership of the
Industrial Assemble of National Delegates, who will
represent the collective decisions of the SIC on the Space
Planning Commission and to other council representatives
of the SRC, SPC and the administration of the international
space agency, and will chair all meetings of the Industrial
Assemble of National Delegates and act as the President of
the Cycle Commission and the Phase Commission.

The rest of this paper will be posted at a latter date as I am
tired of typing !  I hope this give people out there an idea of
what I am talking about when I say " An International Space
Agency By 1993 ", " An Idea Whose Time Has Come! "

                    Thank you for your time and support,Godspeed!
                                       Sincerely,
                                       Rick R. Dobson
                                       Executive Director
                                       United Space Federation, Inc.


             Address:      UNITED SPACE FEDERATION, INC.
                            International Headquarters
                                 P.O. Box 4722
                           Ithaca, New York  14852-4722
                          In the United States of America

     E-MAIl:     BITNET:    [e-mail]
                            [e-mail]

               INTERNET:    [e-mail]
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End of SPACE Digest V13 #593
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